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Abstract Aim: Interruption of blood flow may result in considerable tissue damage via ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced oxidative stress in brain tissues. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Ebselen treatment in short-term global brain I/R injury in rats. Material and Methods: The study was carried out on 27 Wistar-albino rats, divided into three groups including Sham group (n = 11), I/R group (n = 8) and I/R+Ebselen group (n = 8). Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly increased in I/R group in comparison with the Sham group and I/R+Ebselen group (p<0.001 and p<0.01). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly lower in I/R group in comparison to both Sham (p<0.001) and I/R+Ebselen (p<0.01) groups. Similarly, SOD activity was decreased in I/R+Ebselen group when compared with Sham group (p<0.001). Sham and I/R groups were similar in terms of Nitric oxide (NO) levels. In contrast, NO level was lower in I/R+Ebselen group when compared with Sham (p<0.001) and I/R (p<0.01) groups. There was no significant difference among the groups in terms of glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. In histopathological examination, the brain tissues of rats that received Ebselen showed morphological improvement. Conclusion: Ebselen has neuron-protective effects due to its antioxidant properties as shown by the decrease in MDA overproduction, increase in SOD activity and the histological improvement after administration of Ebselen to I/R in brain tissue.
